Neural and Computational Mechanisms Underlying One-shot Perceptual Learning in Humans

Neural and Computational Mechanisms Underlying One-shot Perceptual Learning in Humans

In this paper, we investigate the neural and computational mechanisms underlying one-shot perceptual learning in humans. By introducing a novel top-down feedback mechanism into a vision transformer and comparing its representations with fMRI data, we find high level visual cortex as the most likely neural substrate wherein neural plasticity supports one-shot perceptual learning.

May 2025 · Xujin Chris Liu, Ayaka Hachisuka, Jonathan D. Shor, Daniel Friedman, Patricia Dugan, Ignacio Saez, Fedor E. Panov, Yao Wang, Werner Doyle, Orrin Devinsky, Eric K. Oermann, Biyu J. He